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Showing posts with label PREVENTION. Show all posts
Showing posts with label PREVENTION. Show all posts


A Paw-sitive Path to Health

“Did you know a quarter of dogs will develop cancer at some point, and the risk increases to 50 per cent when they are over the age of 10 - according to the Veterinary Cancer Society?” explains Kylie Baracz who investigated for us the latest advances to combat canine lymphoma. 

It’s National Pet Cancer Awareness Month this November, and local biotech company PharmAust Ltd is calling for all dog owners to regularly inspect their dogs for any lumps and bumps that seem out of the ordinary.

November 7th marks National Canine Lymphoma Awareness Day, a day to highlight one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in dogs! Lymphoma occurs in the white blood cells of the immune system. Symptoms can include tumours, lethargy, weight loss and loss of appetite.

“The key to a good prognosis with canine lymphoma is early diagnosis, and this particular form of cancer is very rapidly progressive, so it’s important to act quickly,” said Dr Kim Agnew, principal investigator of PharmAust’s anti-cancer drug trial for dogs with B-Cell lymphoma.


Dr Agnew is leading a team of highly qualified veterinary oncologists in New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia who are evaluating PharmAust’s trial drug Monepantel (MPL) in dogs that have been newly diagnosed with B-Cell Lymphoma and have not started any treatment. The company also has trial centres in New Zealand and the United States evaluating the drug.

“Monepantel is shown to be a safe and effective cancer treatment with an overall clinical benefit of 35 per cent and a median Time to Progression of 28 days,” explained Dr Agnew.

Owners rated their dogs daily and recorded a Quality of Life (QoL) score between 1 (very poor) and 10 (normal) in the owner’s diary. The median QoL score for the 43 evaluable dogs across the entire study was high at eight. In the study, 74.4 per cent of dogs were rated more than out of 10.

A presentation and a video providing further information about the Phase 2 veterinary clinical study and future directions can be found here.

PharmAust plans to use this data to open an Investigational New Animal Drug application with the United States Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Veterinary Medicine and proceed with pivotal studies in 2024 to support product registration.

“The use of MPL for canine lymphoma offers disease stabilisation combined with a canine and owner safety profile, which doesn’t exist currently in the therapeutic options,” says Dr Agnew.

“I believe as we learn more about how to best manage canine lymphoma with MPL with ongoing studies, dogs and owners have an option to medicate their dogs at home safely. Most importantly, the family will see their pet manage their cancer with an excellent quality of life.”

Ruby from Brisbane - Testimonial
Veterinary trial testimonies can be found here. Recruitment of dogs for trials with Monepantel has currently been paused.

PharmAust Non-Executive Chairman Dr Roger Aston said Monepantel represents a new treatment approach for the management of B-Cell Lymphoma in dogs by “eliminating the need for chemotherapy and allowing dogs to maintain an excellent quality of life for an extended period of time”.

“Approximately 80 per cent of dog owners decline treatment for various reasons, including limited access to specialised veterinary oncologists and veterinary practices that can carry out chemotherapy,” he said.


For instance, concerns over the dog’s quality of life due to the often-severe side effects that are a cornerstone of chemotherapy treatments, complying with the rigours of the chemotherapy regime once initiated, and major safety concerns for owners who handle and/or are exposed to the chemotherapy while caring for their dog, and the high treatment costs.

“MPL is available in tablet form, allowing dogs to be treated at home, without the side effects or safety concerns for owners,” said Dr Aston.

Common lymph nodes targeted by canine lymphoma - Credit: PharmAust 




For more information about the trial, please visit www.pharmaust.com/petdogtrial

Written by Kylie Baracz, October 2023 for Australian Dog Lover (all rights reserved).

About Kylie Baracz



Kylie is a freelance writer, editor and content creator with over 13 years’ experience in the media industry. 

As a former Dogs Life magazine editor, Kylie has a passion for writing for the pet industry and has worked with many pet brands including APDTA, PPGA, PharmAust and Assistance Dogs Australia.

You can find her on Instagram @contentbykylie or at contentbykylie.com.au 




About PharmAust

PAA is a clinical-stage company developing targeted cancer therapeutics for both humans and animals. The company specialises in repurposing marketed drugs lowering the risks and costs of development.

PAA’s lead drug candidate is monepantel (MPL), a novel, potent and safe inhibitor of the mTOR pathway - a key driver of cancer. PAA is uniquely positioned to commercialise MPL for treatment of human and veterinary cancers as it advances the drug into Phase 2b clinical trial. 

To discover more, visit www.pharmaust.com

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Halloween is just around the corner, and as we prepare to enjoy this spooky season, Pet Insurance Australia (PIA) is urging all Australians to remember the safety of their beloved pets. Nadia Crighton from Pet Insurance Australia emphasizes the importance of a fun and safe Halloween celebration for our furry companions.

"While Halloween is a time for revelry and celebration, it's crucial to consider the safety of our pets," says Nadia Crighton. PIA suggests that dog and cat owners take steps to ensure their pets are protected during the haunting festivities.

Keeping Pets in a Safe Place

If you're hosting a Halloween party, consider keeping your pets away from the noise and commotion. Provide them with a secure and quiet location, such as a bathroom or laundry room, to help them feel safe and comfortable.

Beware of Toxic Treats


Chocolate, alcohol, and certain human foods can be extremely toxic to pets. Even a small amount of alcohol can be harmful. 

Additionally, items like popped balloons and ribbon can pose dangers if ingested by curious cats or dogs. 

Keep these items out of your pet's reach and away from the environment.


Costume Safety

Pet costumes add fun to the Halloween celebration, but always supervise your pet when they're wearing one. Ensure the costume does not restrict their movement or pose a risk.

To ensure a safe and enjoyable Halloween for your pets, PIA recommends the following safety checklist:

✔️ Provide a secure place for your pets.
✔️ Label the door with a sign to indicate your pet's location.
✔️ Encourage your guests to offer treats from a dedicated "dog/cat treat jar" and not their plates.
✔️ Remove costumes when your pet is unsupervised.
✔️ Keep chocolate and alcohol out of reach.
✔️ Ensure your pet has a collar with up-to-date information.
✔️ Place signs to remind guests to close doors and gates.

Celebrating with Pets

As Halloween gains popularity in Australia, more pet owners are including their furry friends in the festivities.

However, it's essential to remain vigilant, as local veterinarians often see an increase in pet-related health issues during this time. These issues commonly include foreign body ingestion and toxicity cases. With some straightforward precautions, pet owners can ensure their pets remain healthy during Halloween.

Other Top Tips:

✔️ Educate children about the dangers of human treats for pets. Chocolate and sweets containing Xylitol are highly toxic to dogs.
✔️ Dispose of rubbish properly to prevent pets from scavenging.
✔️ Keep your pet engaged with treat balls or new toys during the celebration.

"Halloween is a great time to enjoy festivities alongside your pets," says Crighton. "Pet costumes bring laughter and enjoyment to pet lovers, but it's essential to remember not to leave your pet unsupervised in a costume."

With these simple guidelines in place, pet owners can ensure that their Halloween celebrations are not marred by a trip to the vet. 

As we look for ways to enjoy the Halloween season, remember that it's also a perfect opportunity to include your furry best friends in the fun.

About Pet Insurance Australia

Pet Insurance Australia is a leading provider of pet insurance in Australia, offering a range of insurance products for dogs and cats. The company is committed to the well-being and safety of pets and their owners. Learn more at https://www.petinsuranceaustralia.com.au

MEDIA RELEASE, 27th October 2023

Credit: Vet Answers

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Dry, flaky, itchy and inflamed skin are common symptoms suffered by many dogs, particularly during the warmer months when seasonal sensitivities to pollen and plants, insect bites and other allergic symptoms are more likely.

In fact, pet health company PetSure’s pet insurance claims data for 2022 shows allergy related skin conditions were the top disease in dogs across all ages, costing owners thousands of dollars in vet bills.

Canine skin conditions can range from mild to severe and are caused by a number of reasons, such as food and environmental allergies, yeast infections, tick and fleas, immune disorders and more. 




If left untreated, pet skin and coat issues (eg shedding and hair loss) can often become complex and much more serious, making your four-legged friend’s life a misery.

If veterinary treatment for your dog’s skin and coat issues has been ineffective, there is a new approach designed to complement veterinary care and diagnosis that shows great success. It’s called therapeutic pet grooming and involves the use of techniques, products and tools (eg ozone therapy) that are tailored to the individual needs of pets, considering factors such as skin type and coat condition.

International Certified Canine and Feline Master Groomer Naomi Conroy is Australia’s first Master Pet Aesthetician, trained in the art of restorative skin and coat care.

“In traditional pet grooming, we are not taught how to consider the animal’s current skin and coat conditions and individualise the grooming experience. 
Therapeutic pet groomers look at the groom as a holistic approach and apply knowledge to meet the needs of the pet,” she explained.
Conroy is also a veterinary nurse and has gone through stringent training in the ‘Science of Skin’, to not only understand the requirements of healthy skin and coat but also know how to treat skin conditions, whether it be a medical issue or skin problem. 

Conroy works closely with veterinarians to advance the healing process when it comes to skin and coat issues.

Progress of French Bulldog Sundae's
skin condition over six weeks
“Groomers may be considered as the first line of defence for pets’ health because they recognise problems and communicates them to owners when vet care is needed. To achieve the best health for our companion animals, groomers can close the gap between vets,” she said.

One of Conroy’s most memorable cases involved a French Bulldog named Sundae who suffered an agonising skin condition that the owner had exhausted what she believed to be every treatment avenue.

“We were able to build Sundae’s skin immune system through the application of hydrotherapy, oils, minerals and proteins each week. 
Amazingly within a month we saw remarkable results!” said Conroy. 

“We have also luckily had many dogs with allergies, chewing feet and ear issues all resolve.”
Another therapeutic pet grooming treatment that has shown effective results is ozone therapy, which adds oxygen to tissue via a hydro-spa and promotes microcirculation.


“Ozone therapy brings more oxygen to the skin, especially into areas that are inflamed, and helps to alleviate inflammation”.
It’s useful for hot spots, pyodermas, allergic dermatitis, abscesses and wounds, especially deep abrasions and traumatic injuries,” she said.

As part of therapeutic pet grooming tools, Conroy – who is also an award-winning competition groomer – is dedicated to using Iv San Bernard’s world-renowned grooming products, from specialised shampoos and conditioners to advanced treatments that prioritise natural ingredients and cutting-edge research, and is tailored to pets' unique needs.








In 2022, Conroy co-founded the Therapeutic Pet Groomers Association (TPGA) bringing together grooming professionals who have elevated their education to specialise in providing alternative grooming techniques with the use of Iv San Bernard products.

“Through education, collaboration, and the exchange of insights, the TPGA aims to elevate the standards of therapeutic pet grooming in Australia,” said Conroy. “The association provides a supportive platform for groomers to enhance their skills, access cutting-edge techniques, and stay updated on industry advancements. By fostering a community of experts, the TPGA ensures that pets with specific requirements receive the utmost care and attention they deserve.”

Groomer Nation educating tomorrow’s therapeutic pet groomers



Conroy also co-founded Groomer Nation, Australia's fastest growing online community for professional pet grooming education, with the collaboration of fellow International Master Groomer (ICMG) Vanessa Parsons, a Certified Companion Animal Hygienist, former certifier for International Professional Groomers and international award-winning competition groomer and judge among other accolades.

“Groomer Nation’s journey began in 2021 by distilling a culmination of over 55 years of passion, love and experience in the grooming world from Vanessa and myself,” said Conroy.

“We have been so fortunate to glean insights from industry icons and, alongside many Aussie legendary groomers and breeders, we've curated this wealth of knowledge under the Groomer Nation banner, creating an educational sanctuary for groomers of all levels and our library is growing every month.”

​Parsons is also the former Grooming Director of the Pet Industry Association of Australia (PIAA) and speaks at conferences and teaches groomers in workshops and seminars around Australia.

Sophie Corkhill (QLD) & Naomi Conroy (NSW)
winning 1st and 2nd place in the Pure Breed Scissor
class at Sydney Royal Grooming - April 2023
As dedicated groomers, Conroy and Parsons understand the challenges of the industry first hand, and why they created Groomer Nation as an educational hub for groomers at every stage of their journey. 

Groomer Nation’s Therapeutic Pet Groomer Certification is designed to equip groomers with science-based knowledge to provide healing spa and therapeutic services to clients’ pets who from suffer skin and coat conditions.
“Our ethos centres around longevity in our industry and fostering a supportive community that not only offers educational videos but also support, insightful blogs and engaging podcasts to keep groomers thriving,” said Conroy.

“We're here to ensure that the grooming community continues to grow and evolve where queries find answers and challenges are met with solutions.”

With both grooming experts actively running their own bustling salons, Conroy and Parsons are intimately familiar with the demands of the profession.

Groomer Nation provides a diverse range of events tailored to groomers' professional growth, including seminars and workshops led by renowned experts from around the world. Additionally, specially curated seminars and hands-on workshops (eg Medicpet Pet First Aid course) offer practical insights for longevity and success for groomers working in salons or mobiles.

“Groomer Nation is our way of giving back and helping groomers succeed in an ever-changing industry and creating an educational sanctuary for groomers of all levels,” said Conroy. 
“The future of pet grooming relies on current and new groomers always wishing to expend their knowledge and education, we owe this to the pet first and foremost.”
Pet owners can benefit from Groomer Nation as well through advice and demonstrations offered at pet shows across the country. Groomer Nation’s 'Ultimate Pooch Parent’ online tutorial series is the perfect resource designed to help educate dog owners with the knowledge and skills needed to provide the basic home grooming, such as correct brushing and combing techniques in between professional grooms for their furry companions, said Conroy.
Cats also benefit from grooming. Experienced cat groomers are specialists in their field 
and use expert handling techniques and products to improve cats lives.

Designed not only for pet owners but also as a time-saving tool for busy groomers, the Ultimate Pooch Parent series serves as a win-win solution!

“It offers step-by-step tutorials for pet owners ensuring dogs are maintained and comfortable between professional appointments. For groomers juggling a hectic schedule, the series also acts as a valuable tool that spares them from explaining basic bathing, brushing, and combing to pet parents,” she said.

Pet owners can also find a certified therapeutic dog groomer in the TPGA Groomer Directory on the Groomer Nation website: www.groomernation.com.au/tpga-directory

Seminar by Dr Cliff Faver for Groomers and Pet Owners


Groomer Nation is thrilled to announce the upcoming visit of US veterinarian and founder of Pet Skin Academy Dr Cliff Faver to Australia in October 2023, marking an incredibly important and exciting milestone for the grooming industry Down Under.

Dr Faver is the past owner of Animal Health Services and current CEO of Iv San Bernard USA, and will present on the topic of “Hair and Skin 101 – The Basis of All Grooming – the Science” in Brisbane, Sydney and Perth.

Conroy described Dr Faver as a “true game changer in the field, bringing a wealth of knowledge and science-backed expertise to the forefront of dog grooming”.

“His visit promises to revolutionise the way Australian groomers approach their craft and the care of their furry clients, and to elevate grooming standards and ultimately enhance the lives of countless dogs across the country,” she said.

“With his in-depth knowledge and evidence-based approach, Dr Faver has become a driving force in helping groomers address ongoing skin issues that many pets face. His insights extend beyond the superficial, offering grooming professionals the tools to truly understand the underlying causes of skin problems and provide effective solutions.”

“Dr Faver’s science-backed approach ensures that groomers can make informed decisions, choosing the right products and procedures that address specific skin and coat conditions. This not only leads to happier and healthier dogs but also enhances groomers' credibility and expertise within the industry.”

Pet owners can also learn from Dr Faver’s seminar by gaining a deeper understanding of their groomers' expertise and the science behind skin and coat care.
“By learning to trust their groomers' recommendations and techniques, pet owners can collaborate effectively in maintaining their pets skin health in between grooms also,” said Conroy.
“Dr. Faver's insights also enable owners to make informed decisions about products and practices, fostering a stronger partnership with groomers in promoting their pets' overall well-being.”

Watch a video showing the Iv San Bernard Pet Hydro Massage and
Skin Ozone Therapy machine in action


Hair and Skin 101 - The Basis of all Grooming - The Science Seminar 

In this seminar presented by Dr Cliff Faver DMV, you'll learn the science, the techniques, and product to successfully put the "why" in what you do.  A must of groomers, bathers, and attendants in the grooming salon and veterinary care industry.

2023 Dates & Locations:

  • QLD Brisbane: Sunday 29th October, from 9am-4pm
DGS Imports - 9/2-12 Knobel Ct, Shailer Park
  • NSW Sydney: Thursday 2nd November, from 4pm-8pm
OZ Grooming World, Unit 1/16 Bernera Rd, Prestons
  • WA Perth: Saturday 4th November, from 9am-4pm
Dogs West - 602 Warton Road, Southern River

For more information and to book, visit www.isbaus.au/events

Interview with Dr Cliff Faver

Dr Faver joined Iv San Bernard in 2012 after hearing about the products’ impossible claims from a pet groomer. Based on his veterinary education, he did not believe at first how the products significantly impact the skin.

“I am a slow learner because it took me about two years to realise that Iv San Bernard products were very special. It was when she started fixing the cases that I was struggling with that she was able to get my attention,” he said.

“Soon, we had thrown out all the veterinary shampoos and my grooming department became part of our medical team (at Animal Health Services vet hospital). We combined the two professions, significantly increasing our success rates with these cases.”

Dr Faver used the products for several years before getting involved in the company, and when he was invited to Italy, it was one of the busiest times in his career.

“My veterinary hospital was open 24 hours, seven days a week. I had ten doctors and 68 staff members working for me. I didn’t need something else to do, but I believed strongly that this was the answer to skin problems in our pets,” he said.

“We have since helped thousands, if not hundreds of thousands, of pets with skin issues to get better and, in most cases, get off the medication they had been on for years.”

Today, Dr Faver evaluates and consults on skin cases from all over the world daily, dealing with animals from dogs and cats to horses, goats, cows, chickens, turkeys, pigs and even an occasional exotic like a giraffe or elephant.

“The information we teach applies to all animals. You just need to understand the unique qualities of each species of animal,” he said.

Dr Faver said groomers play a massive role in the wellbeing of the hair and skin of our pets.

“Firstly, many if not most skin problems can be prevented. As groomers, if we understand and use the correct products in advance, these skin conditions never get started,” he said.

“By the same token, if we understand and use the correct products, most skin conditions can be returned to normal. All this can be done with topicals and avoids many of the harsh or potentially dangerous drugs given on the veterinary side.
“A large percentage of skin cases should come under the profession of grooming since the role of a groomer is to clean the pet and return the skin to normal in the bathing process.”
To accomplish this, groomers must become educated in what it takes to achieve this, including the science, techniques and correct products. The key to success is giving the skin what it needs to stay healthy!” he said.

Dr Faver believes therapeutic pet grooming is also beneficial for the veterinary industry.

“Most skin issues are external. When veterinarians come to that understanding, it changes our approach to many of these cases. There will always be a need for a veterinarian in the therapy of many of these diseases because shampoos and conditioners don’t cure Cushing’s, and groomers don’t do blood work or biopsies (for example),” he said.

“If we learn to work with an educated groomer or have our staff trained in the use of topicals, then we will see more success with our dermatological cases by combining the two approaches. The doctors and hospitals that have learned this quickly get a reputation of success and become the “go-to“ hospitals for all skin cases. Good for the clients and great for the bottom line!”

Dr Faver visited Australia in the past for a teaching seminar and “fell in love with the country and the people” as well as the wildlife and scenery.

“From what I have seen and heard from others, the Australian pet grooming industry is up and coming in all aspects,” he said. “Our goal is to play a part in helping more animals with our education and the use of the Iv San Bernard products. The ultimate goal is always to help the pets in what we do!”


written by Caroline Zambrano, Pet Journalist, September 2023 for Australian Dog Lover (all rights reserved).

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The Animal Welfare League NSW Animal Care Truck is heading to North-West NSW

Australia’s biggest vet service on wheels will roll into Mudgee, Lightning Ridge, Bourke and Cobar this month, offering free veterinary health checks, vaccinations and microchipping.

This will be the eighth regional trip in 2023 for the Animal Welfare League NSW clinic team, proudly supported by the NSW Government. The Australian first tour aims to bring this free service to pet owners in NSW who have animals in need of basic vet care. We aim to target communities that may need access to these services due to financial constraints and the rising cost of living.

Over the upcoming trip, we will be at the following locations and times:

Mudgee:
Monday 11 September
12pm to 4pm
Mudgee Showground, Douro St entrance

Lightning Ridge:
Wednesday 13 September
8am to 12pm
Corner of Agate St & Kaolin St

Bourke:
Thursday 14 September
9am to 1pm
Showground on Renshaw Drive

Cobar:
Friday 15 September
9am to 1pm
Cobar Shire Council, Lewis St carpark

Animal Welfare League NSW Chief Executive Officer Stephen Albin said the country tour - which will include visits across the State over the next three years - was a new service that will deliver pet care where it is most needed.
“The Animal Welfare League NSW is dedicated to ensuring every pet has the basic care of a health check, microchipping and vaccinations,” he said.

“If a dog or cat is lost, then microchipping is the best way for a pet to be reunited with its owner, and it will also ease pressure on local council pounds.

“Vaccinations at the right time are fundamental to keeping a pet happy and free of serious diseases, and health checks are an excellent way to ensure pets remain healthy.”

The purpose-built B-double trailer is over 25 metres long. It has specially designed areas for animal surgeries, such as desexing, an isolation room, and over 35 recovery cages.
It also features equipment for blood work, fridges, a veterinary scale, extensive storage to hold veterinary supplies and more.

“We encourage any pet owner who has a pet that needs a free check from our professional staff to take advantage of the service,” Mr Albin said. This offer is targeted towards low-income earners, pensioners and those experiencing financial hardship.

We hope to see a great turnout next week. For pet owners interested, be aware that dogs must be on lead and cats in carriers. We have previously experienced high demand, so pet owners should come prepared for weather as there could be waiting times.

For the FAQs, please visit www.awlnsw.com.au




Media Announcement, 5th September 2023

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The canine ‘gut microbiome’ refers to the incredibly diverse community of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microbes or microorganisms that live in a dog's gastrointestinal (GI) tract, or gut. And it’s not just about bacteria; it turns out many viruses are essential to health too.

But firstly; the gut comprises the entire intestinal tract, beginning in a dog’s mouth, and ending at their anus. And it turns out, the gut is responsible for innumerable functions, not simply digesting food. Research shows the canine gut microbiome is very closely related to ours [1] and we also share microbes with our companions. Sharing our homes with dogs (and cats) is great for pet parents’ microbiome health, too.

These microscopic critters have co-evolved with our dogs, helping to optimise food digestion, regulate the immune system, mood, and even produce essential vitamins, such as B vitamins and vitamin K.

The Emerging Science of the Gut-Brain Axis

That feeling of ‘butterflies in your stomach’ when you’re nervous? Feeling ‘sick to your stomach’ when you hear bad news? Having a ‘gut feeling’ about something? All of this, in humans, is now being attributed to a very real connection [2] between our microbiome and brain. The gut microbiome influences the development of the brain and are now implicated, in humans, in numerous neurological diseases, including dementia, and conditions such as depression, anxiety, autism, and bipolar disorder. [3]

The same goes for our dogs.



The interaction between the microbiome and the brain is facilitated several ways, involving neural connections via the vagus nerve, immune system pathways, and specific chemicals produced by gut bacteria, called metabolites.

Let’s define the canine microbiome in greater detail.

Composition of the Canine Microbiome

Dogs harbour distinct microbiomes throughout their body, varying with location, e.g.: ear canal, skin, respiratory tract, urinary tract, and gut, etc. Most studies in dogs have centred the gut microbiome, though it’s critical to keep in mind that other microbiome populations throughout the body have impacts on health. [4]

The composition of the canine microbiome varies according to a dog's genetics, sex, age and diet, environment, medications, and general health.

When present in a harmonious balance, healthy microbes promote wellbeing, though when the microbiome is out of kilter, this is called ‘dysbiosis.’ Dysbiosis is associated with numerous canine diseases, ranging from intestinal disorders, skin issues, obesity, arthritis, and behavioural problems.

That said there is a little bit of a ‘chicken and egg’ element here: is the microbiome unbalanced before the disease begins, or does the disease cause dysbiosis? Or is it a bit of both?

In Texas, veterinarians and scientists test dog stool samples for this imbalance, using the ‘dysbiosis index’.

Unfortunately, this test is not available in Australia, but the Texas group have identified bacteria that are present in high levels in healthy dogs, and not in unwell dogs. [5]

At birth, and as puppies, dogs acquire their microbiome from their mothers, however its structure and composition changes throughout life. [6]

The microbiome has fundamental roles in:

#1. Digestion and Nutrient Absorption

Microbes break down dietary fibres, resistant starch and proteins that are otherwise indigestible for dogs. This process produces compounds, called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that nourish the gut cells, maintaining the health and integrity of the intestinal lining. 

These SCFAs are also neuroprotective, promoting brain health.

#2. Regulation of the Immune System

The microbiome trains the immune system to recognise pathogens, whilst ignoring healthy microbes, harmless substances, and the body’s own cells. The microbiome prevents allergies and autoimmune diseases developing. An abnormal immune response towards healthy gut bacteria is implicated in inflammatory bowel disease. [7]

Dogs with this condition typically have microbiome dysbiosis and faecal microbial transplants (FMT), where faeces from healthy dogs is transplanted into the intestines of dogs with chronic gut disease, is becoming a routine, effective treatment. (In fact, FMT is being explored in clinical trials for a myriad of human illnesses).

In dogs, FMTs use non-obese donors, as amazingly, faeces from obese dogs causes obesity in recipients.

#3. Integrity of the Gut Barrier

The lining of the gut acts as a barrier between foreign materials (such as toxins, bacteria, food allergens etc.) and the blood. During digestion, beginning in the mouth and ending with the excretion of waste products, as faeces, only certain substances should be absorbed by the intestines.

A balanced microbiome maintains the integrity of this barrier, the so-called gut mucosal barrier. 

Disruption of this barrier, by certain compounds, pathogens, and an abnormal microbiome increases the permeability of the gut lining. This is sometimes referred to as ‘leaky gut syndrome’. Increased permeability allows harmful substances and microbes direct access the blood stream, causing widespread inflammation and numerous disease conditions.

#4. Production of Neurotransmitters

Some of the microbes in the gut produce neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers regulating mood, behaviour, appetite, and sleep. More than 90% of the body’s ‘happy’ neurotransmitter, serotonin, is produced in the gut. Certain types of gut bacteria produce γ-aminobutyric acid, or ‘GABA,’  which has a calming impact on the brain. Other neurotransmitters, involved in the ‘fight or flight’ response, and other body functions are also produced in significant quantities by the microbiome.

The microbiome has a significant impact on a dog’s memory and ability to learn as they age. 

Certain canine phobias and aggressive behaviour have been linked to high levels of particular bacteria, and modulation of the microbiome is being investigated as a treatment modality in behavioural disorders. Research has identified microbiome associations in canine epilepsy and auto-immune disorders affecting the canine brain.

#5. Vagal Nerve Communication

The vagus nerve is the major ‘super-highway’ between the gut and the brain. Some gut bacteria stimulate this nerve directly, sending signals to the brain. This pathway plays a role in regulating stress responses and significantly impacting a dog's behaviour.

#6. Detoxification

The gut microbiome is critical in detoxifying various harmful ingested compounds. I suspect Hilda, my carrion-loving Irish Wolfhound has a particularly excellent microbiome, in this respect.

Detoxification protects dogs against acute toxicity, whilst preventing accumulate of compounds to toxic levels.

The microbiome impacts the way the body metabolises drugs. This may explain why some dogs with the same disease respond to certain treatments whilst others do not. In humans with cancer, the microbiome is determining the response to immunotherapies. The same likely applies to our dogs and pet dogs with cancer are in clinical trials investigating this.


#7. Competition with Pathogens

A healthy, diverse microbiome may prevent colonisation with harmful bacteria, by competing for nutrients and attachment sites along the gut lining. This ‘competitive exclusion’ guards against gut infections and overgrowth of harmful bacteria, causing dysbiosis.

Dysbiosis may increase production of certain toxins or metabolites, affecting brain function and behaviour. Research shows [4] that overproduction of ammonia and certain bacterial metabolites, contributes to cognitive decline and erratic behaviours in dogs.

What can I do to improve my dog’s microbiome?

To understand how we can improve our friend’s microbiome, we need to understand the modifiable factors contributing to dysbiosis. The most common culprits are antibiotics, dietary changes, and periods of illness or stress.

The primary way we can impact the gut microbiome is through feeding a diet supporting good microbes and intestinal health, and adding healthy microbes to the gut, via food.

✔️ A Balanced, Diverse Diet

Dog food is a controversial, impassioned topic, but there are some non-negotiables when it comes to the microbiome.

Feed a high-quality diet that meets the AAFCO's (Association of American Feed Control Officials) standards and is appropriate for your dog's size, life stage and health status. You can supplement this with various proteins and vegetables, providing a plethora of beneficial nutrients, microbes, and environmental enrichment for your pup!

Incorporate fresh, unprocessed foods that are safe for dogs. Bone broth, without seasonings and additives, is rich in gelatine and other nutrients, supporting the gut lining and is also anti-inflammatory.

Greek yoghurt (in dairy-tolerant dogs) is another good addition, providing beneficial live bacteria. Clean fresh water is essential. Dirty bowls with biofilms [8] and mould contribute to dysbiosis.

I recommend pet parents research diet, visiting evidence-based sites. 

If you plan to make food at home, please work with a veterinarian and nutritionist to ensure a balanced diet.

Vet confession: I struggle to balance my own diet, let alone make a complete diet at home for Hilda, so I supplement kibble with whole foods.

✔️ Consider Probiotics and Prebiotics

  • Probiotics are beneficial bacteria, added to the diet, which can temporarily help balance the microbiome.

Probiotic labels should include:

  • the exact probiotic species (e.g., Bifidobacterium longum).
  • the number of microorganisms (probiotics are measured in colony forming units, or CFU; 1-10 billion CFUs daily are recommended for dogs).
  • an expiry date and storage conditions; and
  • a guarantee for the number of live organisms. 

The manufacturer should provide research to support claims, and probiotics should be externally audited and accredited. There is a vast difference in quality between brands, and I recommend you discuss choice with your veterinarian.

  • Prebiotics are non-digestible fibre that serves as food for the beneficial bacteria. [9] Prebiotics may include beet pulp, chicory root, gum arabica and high fibre vegetables.

(Synbiotics = a probiotic and prebiotic administered together).

✔️ Avoid Unnecessary Antibiotics




Antibiotics save lives and are essential for treating certain bacterial infections. However, they damage the microbiome, and must be used judiciously, and only under veterinary guidance. Inappropriate use also creates antibiotic resistance, affecting our pets and us.

✔️ Regular Worming

Routine worming protects against intestinal parasites (worms), which may damage the gut lining, promoting dysbiosis. Parasites can also be zoonotic, infecting humans.

✔️ Exercise




Regular exercise creates a more diverse and balanced gut microbiome for your pup and for you! Grab that leash.

✔️ Minimise Stress

Chronic stress alters the microbiome, affecting digestion. Reduce stress in your dog’s environment with a comfortable living space, and importantly, a consistent routine. Positive training methods, socialisation, and environmental enrichment are also critical.

✔️ Limit Exposure to Toxins

Pesticides, herbicides, and cleaning agents negatively affect the gut health [10]. Ensure your dog's environment is free from these harmful agents where possible.

✔️ Regular Vet Visits

Check in with your vet to detect any health issues early. At minimum, an annual check-up is recommended.

✔️ Finally, avoid sudden changes in diet or introduction of supplements, and reach out to your vet when in doubt. Note any changes in your dog's stool, weight, thirst, appetite, energy levels and behaviour, as all of these may reflect changes in gut health and other diseases.

The canine microbiome has enormous influences on physical and mental health, and by appreciating this we can really help our friends. As the science progresses, more intervention and treatments will become available, so watch this space!

written by Dr Bec, August 2023 for Australian Dog Lover (all rights reserved).

About our writer

Dr Bec is a Melbourne-based veterinarian and academic, working in the clinic, animal welfare, the media and medical research. She has a passion for sharing fascinating facts and the latest research on the intriguing lives and science of all animals, particularly those we share our lives with.

Dr Bec is a regular guest on Melbourne radio, a columnist for Australian Dog Lover Magazine, Australian Cat Lover Magazine, and Pet Insurance Australia, and she presents short segments on all things animal related (see Insta and Facebook). Her emphasis is on sharing of evidence-based veterinary advances and the empowerment of pet parents, and society, through promoting medical literacy, or the understanding of our pets’ health, and our own. She relishes reaching out to all animal loving audiences.

Her academic and clinical research spans several areas, with a focus on the role of the microbiome in pet health, preventative medicine, developing new veterinary medicines, clinical trials that benefit animals and humans, and working to prevent antibiotic resistance.

Dr Bec advocates for animal charities that promote animal welfare, in Australia and overseas.
Her blog can be found at: www.drbecvet.com and she may be contacted at bec@drbecvet.com 

References:

[1] Similarity of the dog and human gut microbiomes in gene content and response to diet -  2018; 6: 72. Published online 2018 Apr 19. doi: 10.1186/s40168-018-0450-3

[2] Gut instincts: microbiota as a key regulator of brain development, ageing and neurodegeneration - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27641441/

[3] Gut Microbiota in Anxiety and Depression: Unveiling the Relationships and Management Options -  2023 Apr; 16(4): 565. Published online 2023 Apr 9. doi: 10.3390/ph16040565

[4] Dogs' Microbiome From Tip to Toe, Published online Epub 2021 Sep 10. - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34509665/

[5] Characterization of microbial dysbiosis and metabolomic changes in dogs with acute diarrhea - PLoS One . 2015 May 22;10(5):e0127259. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26000959/

[6] Factors Affecting Gut Microbiota of Puppies from Birth to Weaning - Published online 2023 Feb 6. doi: 10.3390/ani13040578 

[7] Humoral immune responses against gut bacteria in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease - PLoS One - 2019 Aug 1;14(8):e0220522. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31369623/

[8] It's a Long Way to the Tap: Microbiome and DNA-Based Omics at the Core of Drinking Water Quality - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jun 28;19(13):7940. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35805598/

[9] Role of Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Cardiovascular Diseases -  2021 Feb; 26(4): 1172. Published online 2021 Feb 22. doi: 10.3390/molecules26041172

[10] Gut microbiota: a non-target victim of pesticide-induced toxicity -  2023; 15(1): 2187578. Published online 2023 Mar 15. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2187578

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